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            <title xml:lang="en">Writing the Subject of the 21st Century</title>
            <title xml:lang="fr">Écrire le sujet du XXIe siècle</title>
            <title xml:lang="en" type="sub">The Perspective of Francophone Literatures</title>
            <title xml:lang="fr" type="sub">Le regard des littératures francophones</title>
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                <forename type="first">Buata</forename>
                <surname>Malela</surname>
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                <forename type="first">Cynthia V.</forename>
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            <idno type="stamp" n="RIRRA21" corresp="UNIV-MONTP3">Représenter, Inventer la Réalité du Romantisme à l'Aube du XXIe siècle</idno>
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                <title xml:lang="en">Writing the Subject of the 21st Century</title>
                <title xml:lang="fr">Écrire le sujet du XXIe siècle</title>
                <title xml:lang="en" type="sub">The Perspective of Francophone Literatures</title>
                <title xml:lang="fr" type="sub">Le regard des littératures francophones</title>
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                    <forename type="first">Cynthia V.</forename>
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                <term xml:lang="en">Intersubjectivity</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Contemporary literature (Africa and Indian Ocean)</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Human experience</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Subjectivity</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Francophone literature</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Mondes francophones</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Intersubjectivé</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Subjectivité</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Littérature contemporaine (Afrique et océan Indien)</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Francophone literature</term>
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              <p>The questioning of the subject, within the context specific to a society where bonds have loosened in favor of the reign of individuals, remains a subjective and intersubjective issue. This social challenge also concerns social and literary discourse in particular. Hence, some contemporary Francophone novels – from Africa, the Caribbean, and the Indian Ocean – have delved into the theme of the subject-object in the social world, in its relation to oneself and to others. Moreover, by constructing their own idea of the subject of the 21st century, these Francophone narratives offer an aesthetic perspective on the contemporary world. Building on this observation, this essay examines these texts by attempting to discern their approach to the subject, particularly in relation to time, human suffering, and the mystery of the other.</p>
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              <p>Le questionnement du sujet, dans le contexte propre à la société où les liens se sont distendus au profit du règne des individus, demeure une problématique subjective et intersubjective. Cet enjeu social préoccupe aussi le discours social et littéraire en particulier. C’est pourquoi quelques fictions romanesques francophones – Afrique, Antilles et océan Indien – de l’extrême contemporain ont investi le thème du sujet-objet dans le monde social, dans sa relation à soi et à l’autre. De plus, en édifiant leur propre idée du sujet du XXIe siècle, ces récits francophones proposent un regard esthétique sur le monde contemporain. Partant de ce constat, cet essai examine ces textes en essayant de déceler leur manière de traiter du sujet notamment face au temps, aux souffrances humaines et à l’énigme de l’autre.</p>
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